History and development of international law Essay

Mutual Friends by BOY free essay sample

A possibility recommendation by YouTube drew this band out into the open. An admonition however, connecting their moniker to Google without knowing the names Valeska Steiner and Sonja Glass will yield the word reference meaning of â€Å"boy.† Dont even have a go at including â€Å"band† into the hunt box or youll simply get pages and pages on the Backstreet Boys, N*Sync, and One Direction. This German-Swiss non mainstream pop teams debut collection, â€Å"Mutual Friends,† was discharged as of late for American crowds on iTunes. The music video for the single â€Å"Little Numbers† delineates the two young ladies skipping around Barcelona, and its practically unthinkable not to grin or move when you hear the tune. In no way, shape or form a beating, dance club track, and coming up short on the computerized finagling weve become used to, â€Å"Little Numbers† is a straightforward, merry melody that can be acknowledged in any season, and can be relied on to satisfy you. Other decision tracks incorporate the fantastic, percussion-substantial â€Å"Waitress,† the melancholy and nostalgic â€Å"Drive Darling,† the inquisitively tempting and preventative â€Å"Boris,† and the unbelievable, smooth â€Å"Skin. We will compose a custom article test on Shared Friends by BOY or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page † Boy is as of now picking up fame in Europe, and with this discharge they will definitely catch a group of people here. In the event that youre into light, simple tuning in and craftsmen like Death Cab for Cutie and Norah Jones, or more poppy artists like Ed Sheeran, Id recommend giving Boy a possibility.

4 Inclusive Publishers of Translations with Diverse Catalogs

4 Inclusive Publishers of Translations with Diverse Catalogs Reading books in translation may seem like an easy, no-brainer way to widen your perspective by leaps and bounds. Until you realize there’s a surprising amount of sameness within the world of English translation.  Some presses mainly put out work by white authors from European countries. Many offer only a tiny percentage of books by writers who aren’t men. Some seem mostly interested in dead French guys. Fortunately, there are inclusive publishers of translations with diverse catalogs out there. But hey, what exactly am I getting at with terms like diverse catalogs and inclusive publishers? Am I talking about racial diversity? Well, yes. But thats a qualified yes, because how can I decide whats diverse enough to be diverse? I cant, not really. And theres lots of room for improvement on that count in the translation world.  For instance, black writers simply arent translated into English enough, as John Keene pointed out in Translating Poetry, Translating Blackness. Basically, Im using diverse and inclusive as shorthand to describe the output of presses working  towards diversity and general inclusion. These publishers are doing better than the industry standard for racial and ethnic diversity. Theyre doing better than average in publishing women. Theyve published notable work that questions gender and sexuality norms. Also, their  work is diverse in the sense of showing variation within  underrepresented regions and groupings. This is important, because efforts at diversity sometimes result in token gestures that feel condescending and promote stereotypes. I dont mean to suggest that the presses below represent every marginalized group. Or that this is a best list. Its also worth noting that a lot of translation happens in bits and pieces. Some smaller presses may only have the budget to publish one or two translated books, period. So look for translations all over. Try  the Publishers Weekly Translation Database, a project started by  Chad Post of Open Letter Books. And if you have your own favorite publishers doing inclusive translation work, let us know in the comments! Tilted Axis Tilted Axis is a relatively young press founded by Deborah Smith, who has translated work by Korean authors Han Kang and Bae Suah. I dont remember how I first heard of them, but it probably had something to do with following Deborah Smith on Twitter. Since starting up in 2015, Tilted Axis has put out a rich variety of translated literature from East, Southeast, South, and Central Asia. And translations are mostly what they do. Their catalog is a great example of deeper diversity within a particular region. Bonus: They have a gorgeous and colorful array of snazzy cover designs. Recently, I was transfixed by Tokyo Ueno Station  from author Yu Miri (translated from the Japanese by Morgan Giles). Yu’s novel looks unflinchingly at social inequality and homelessness in Japan. The narrator of the story is a ghost, and the text has a bracing yet dreamlike quality. Tilted Axis points out that Yu, whos Korean-Japanese, brings an “outsider’s perspective” to her work. Feminist Press Feminist Press, headed by activist and writer Jamia Wilson, has been around since 1970. As the name suggests, they focus on books written from feminist angles. While they arent primarily a translations publisher, they’re currently one of the best places to find quality translations. I actually found out about them through a blog post by Meytal Radzinski, founder of WITMonth (Women in Translation Month). You can browse Feminist Presss huge catalog through “Categories” (“African/African American,” “Middle East,” “LGBTQ,” etc.). Just keep an eye out for those translator bylines. You can also glance over their “New Releases” to see if there are any translations among them. Wondering where to start? La Bastarda by Trifonia Melibea Obono (translated from the Spanish by Lawrence Schimel) is worth checking out. Its a coming-of-age story about a girl discovering her love for another girl on the margins of a patriarchal society. La Bastarda is the first novel by a woman from Equatorial Guinea to have a published English translation. And Other Stories And Other Stories was founded by translator Stefan Tobler in 2009. I discovered them when my mom bought me a gift subscription. Their subscriptions are nice because you get books ahead of official publication, typically by about two months. Their books are the head-scratching kind. Often weird, sometimes mysterious, always out of the ordinary. Their focus on Latin American literature is notable, as it makes up almost 40% of their current translation catalog. They havent translated as many women from non-European countries or backgrounds as the other presses on this list. However, their recent reading groups  for contemporary African and Brazilian literature  may indicate theyre upping their game. Also, they value and listen to their readers. In the  reading groups  like the ones linked above, readers help consider titles for future translation. Assuming they continue these, you could have a say in what they publish! The Iliac Crest by  Cristina Rivera Garza (translated by Sarah Booker) is a creepy and mesmerizing gothic tale. Its also quite funny at times. The  main character at first appears to be a man concerned with his masculinity. But appearances can be deceiving. This book invites questions about gender identity, language, and existence. Interestingly enough, Feminist Press has the American rights to it (And Other Stories is UK-based). Deep Vellum Since  Will Evans founded Deep Vellum in 2013, the Dallas-based press has published translations from every habitable continent except Australia. Deep Vellum gives attention to literature that uses non-traditional approaches to center marginalized perspectives. At least this is the impression that Ive gotten from reading their books. Their work has made me consider the concrete ways in which being marginalized can affect voice, form, content, etc.â€"and the power those specifics can have. They also have their own bookstore and are active in their local community. I originally heard about them from a friend who lived near Dallas at the time. I recently found Muslim: A Novel by Zahia Rahmani (translated from the French by Matt Reeck) interesting for how it explores complex issues of identity. Specifically, it looks at Muslim identity in the imposed context of European society.  I also love the work Emma Ramadan has done translating Anne Garréta, another French author, for Deep Vellum. Especially in Not One Day, which is a set of personal essays about desire from a queer point of view. Well, sort of. You’ll just have to read it and find out. Try following these publishers on Twitter to see announcements about upcoming work. Happy translated reading!

Pediatric Generalized Anxiety Disorder - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 960 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/10 Category Psychology Essay Tags: Anxiety Essay Did you like this example? Both children and adolescents occasionally experience the anxiety that accompanies stressful events. Alarmingly, it isnt uncommon that many children and teens in the US are diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders and co-occurring disorders like depression and separation anxiety disorder (SAD) have a dramatic effect on a childs quality of life. Generalized anxiety disorder is one of the most common types of anxiety disorders, and unfortunately, it affects a large portion of the pediatric population. Children with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are described as having uncontrollable feelings of fear that are overwhelming and excessive in nature. These children persistently worry about before, during, and after a daily activity has happened. Generalized anxiety disorder is estimated to affect 15% of children in the US with an age of onset of 8.5 years. The exact cause of pediatric GAD is unclear and disputed among many professionals; however, its widely believed that there are both biological and environmental etiologies. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Pediatric Generalized Anxiety Disorder" essay for you Create order For example, parents with pre-existing anxiety may transfer the same affliction to their children genetically. Alternatively, children who are being raised by overprotective parents attempting to reduce anxious behaviors are at-risk of manifesting GAD. Children and adolescents will report private events like physical pains that include: heart palpitations, muscle tension, stomach aches, and headaches. Some notable overt behavioral manifestations include insomnia, latching onto family members, and a severe lack of attention. Covert behaviors are marked by feelings of nervousness, fatigue, stress, and restlessness. Involuntary actions such as sweating, hyperventilation, increased heart rate, and trembling are commonly observed symptoms. Surprisingly, children with isolated GAD do not typically produce anxious behaviors when conversing, and they can maintain normal conversation with their peers. There are skills that are slightly impacted, but these issues are not significantly problematic when it comes to a childs communication repertoire. Children with GAD have problems with assertiveness, give minimal eye contact with partners, interject with fewer comments, and ask fewer questions during conversation. In addition, children with GAD have smaller groups of friends, yet they are still preferred over children with other anxiety disorders, especially those with social phobia (SP). Although GAD does not have a profound effect on communication by itself, social skills are greatly impaired when other disorders are present. For example, in children with ASD and comorbid GAD: the social use of language is weakened; thus, maintaining conversation is difficult. Retrieval of verbal cues is also disrupted because of increased anxiety which ultimately leads to communication breakdown. As for the behavioral dimension of GAD, we unfortunately see more problem behaviors associated with this disorder. Parents often report their children avoiding their responsibilities by complaining too much. Clinicians will find that these patients will worry excessively about themselves and their family members, and sometimes think a natural disaster will threaten their safety. A prominent avoidance behavior involves avoiding going to school because they worry about their performance in school and other extracurricular activities; these kids strive for perfection which results in low self-esteem. Despite having relatively small social difficulties, children and teens with GAD can have strained relationships with family and friends because they unrealistically seek constant reassurance from them. Finally, they may exhibit an aggressive temper or act downtrodden when they receive critique that appears to be harsh from teachers or parents. Treatment interventions for GAD can vary depending on a childs personality, their level of development, and familial background. Positive reinforcement would be the most effective therapy option for clinicians treating pediatric GAD. Depression, social anxiety disorder/social phobia (SP), and separation anxiety disorder (SAD) are common comorbid disorders which can have a detrimental effect on a childs self-esteem and self-image. Negative reinforcement could potentially have a negative effect on a childs well-being and may trigger an anxiety attack. This is especially true if the stimulus is something especially unpleasant like a buzzer or a siren, which may lead the child to believe they are in imminent danger. Clinicians should consider using positive reinforcers like candles (olfactory), music (auditory), and coloring books (tangible) that will allow the child to alleviate stress and provide a relaxing atmosphere while they work on their goal for the day. An intermittent reinforce ment schedule would be the most effective reinforcement schedule for children with GAD since these children are usually beyond the phase of acquisition; therefore, no continuous reinforcement schedule is necessary. A ratio schedule of reinforcement is the most suitable since it will lend no element of surprise to the child. The child knows theyll be reinforced after they accurately perform the correct number of responses; nevertheless, its best to start with a fixed schedule and then fade into a variable one. Starting with a variable schedule when first treating a child could increase a childs paranoia; thus, rendering therapy obsolete. A task analysis is another potential intervention for children with GAD. Anxiety is marked by increased stress, and these patients will need to learn how to cope with exasperating situations. Clinicians can perform an empirical task analysis by modeling activities like meditating, yoga, and exercise. A rational task analysis which involves asking a therapist is another option for treating GAD. Therapists may recommend combining cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with medication most notably, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Pediatric generalized anxiety disorder affects many teens and children in the United States, and it unfortunately goes under-recognized because many clinicians assume that worrying is a normative part of childhood development. Although, communication is not severely impaired, behavioral symptoms are significantly profound and recognizable. It is important that we lend our attentions to these children as this disorder can worsen over time. Offering the child or teen a relaxing atmosphere and combining different strategies can help with treatment. A cohesive collaboration between a team of professionals can drastically help and make way for successful outcomes.

What Makes A Monster Essay - 1461 Words

What defines a monster? Is it their grotesque, unnatural appearance that separates them from the rest of mankind, or is it their lack of remorse and compassion that makes them different? The word monster conjures up figures from gothic horror of exotic peoples with horrifyingly exaggerated features, and the kinds of impossible delusive beasts inhabiting the pages of medieval bestiaries. Well at first I thought exactly that. When I used to hear the word â€Å"monster†, my mind immediately pictured the petrifying beast that took residence under my bed for a substantial portion of my childhood. It had demonic beating red eyes, razor sharp teeth that glistened with fresh blood and amphibian like scales covering every inch of its enormous body. However, as I got older, I started to realize that there was no such thing as monsters and that it was all just a figment of my imagination. Accordingly, the fear of the monster under my bed slowly dissipated. Nevertheless, it wasn’t until after reading a quote by my favorite author, Steven King, that I was finally able to fully comprehend what the true definition of the word â€Å"monster† really was. â€Å"Monsters are real, ghosts are real too. They live inside us, and sometimes they win†. It had taken me awhile to truly grasp what King had meant, but then it clicked. Everyone has a monster inside them, dormant or not. That monster is the voice we hear in the back of our heads, urging us to cheat or to steal, and in some instances, worse. That monsterShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes a Monster Essay620 Words   |  3 PagesWhat Makes a Monster? Monsters are often thought of as green, abnormally large and scary. They are believed to hide in dark shadows and forgotten street corners. Monsters have a bad reputation and the very nature of the term monster is not smiled upon. I believe these thoughts are generic and relics of a much safer past. In our morally bankrupt society monsters exist in the realist scariest form. As we step into adulthood and take our heads out of the comic books that shows us the danger of theRead MoreA Monster Can Be Hard To Define. Describing A Monster Can1332 Words   |  6 PagesA monster can be hard to define. Describing a monster can be easier than defining one. The term ’monster’ is broad and vague and as a result, it is easier to describe a monster rather than to define one. Tina Boyer says: â€Å"A monster is a cultural construct. By definition, it is a thing that shows or reflects cultural fears and forbidden obsessions, social and moral problems that express themselves in the b ody and behavior of the monstrous creature (Boyer 240).† What makes a monster scary differsRead MoreThe Most Monstrous Being In Mary Shelleys Novel, Frankenstein1465 Words   |  6 Pagesword dabbled to describe the way Frankenstein looks for body parts in graves. These could have been from people who had families or other loved ones, but Frankenstein treats them as pieces of meat, materials for his experiment, and this makes the reader disgusted at Frankenstein. This is the first sign that Frankenstein is immoral. Despite this, might be forgiven as his judgement is affected by his desire to create rather than destroy life. Although this could shock a modernRead More Frankenstein Version by Kenneth Branagh Essay780 Words   |  4 PagesKenneth Branagh In 1931 Hollywood made a simplified version of Frankenstein and stereotyped the monster to be evil with bolts in his neck and a big, green square head. In the 1960s an English company called Hammer Horror revitalised Frankenstein movies and Christopher Lee made the monster look more like a man. All of the Frankenstein movies before Kenneth Branaghs version had made the monster evil. In Kenneth Branaghs version of the story he filmed the entire book and tried to stick closelyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book St. Lucy s Home For Girls Raised By Wolves1215 Words   |  5 PagesKanye West said it best, â€Å"Everybody knows I’m a M*f**ing monster† and honestly, as humans we are. In Seven Monster Theses, Jeffery Cohen develops an idea that â€Å"monsters† are essential to society. In fact, they construct what is â€Å"normal†, â€Å"rational†, and â€Å"civilized†. Specifically, â€Å"monsters† are foundational to how we view ourselves. â€Å"Monsters† contain all the traits deemed unacceptable and odd. It can be concluded that every outlier is a â€Å"monster†. In St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves, KarenRead MoreAlexandra Giambruno. Mrs.Schroder. English Iv Honors. 231030 Words   |  5 Pagesto create what the story is. The story of Frankenstein has mysterious aspects that help the main character Victor create the monster. In a gothic novel, there are a ton of abstract thoughts that can be in play pertaining to the type of story that the author creates. Power and Constraint is one point that plays a lot in the novel itself, it all started with the main creator. Victor Frankenstein had the idea to create a monster; he collected body parts and used modern technologies to make an unnaturalRead MoreEssay about Sympathy in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein986 Words   |  4 PagesShelleys Frankenstein Frankenstein for many people is a huge fiendish monster, a brainless oaf with a couple of neck bolts, who is a horrible murderer. This image has been created by Boris Karloff and other television/film images. I also thought like that, believing Frankenstein to be a monstrous murderer, so when I was met with the text I was surprised to find as a mad scientist who creates a monster. This changed my opinion greatly at first. As the central charactersRead MoreMonster Culture By Jeffery Cohen1202 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"Monster Culture†, Jeffery Cohen develops an idea that â€Å"monsters† are essential to society. In fact, they construct what is â€Å"normal†, â€Å"rational†, and â€Å"civilized†. Specifically, â€Å"monsters† are foundational to how we view ourselves. â€Å"Monsters† contain all the traits deemed unacceptable and odd. It can be concluded that every outlier is a â€Å"monster†. In St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves, Karen Russell tells the story of a pack of wolf girls who are transitioning into young ladies. RussellRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book A Good Story 1361 Words   |  6 Pagescharacter will always keep a reader following along. In this particular instance its the monsters that makes the play. When it comes to the topic of monsters, most of us will readily agree that they are bad. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of what makes a monster. Although some are convinced that a monster is defined by being ugly, disfigured and unlikable, others maintain that a monster can be an everyday person who is lacking specific moral attributes. According to theRead MoreUnderstanding Mythological Monsters Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesMonsters are towering, fierce beings best known for causing nightmares and battling heroes. Tales are told of their devastating power, but also of their agonizing defeats. Monsters are symbols of the inherent evil of human nature and of the dark truths of the natural world. Monsters are also challenges, tasks a hero must complete. Sometimes monsters are the ultimate measure of a hero’s worth, other times just another step in a hero’s journey. In the book Bulfinch’s Mythology, Thomas Bulfinch writes

Impact of Global Financial Crisis Free Essays

The effect of the global financial crisis on Australia has been considerably less, compared to the other affected countries. The Australian economy has revealed better outcomes than most other developed economies, which experienced recessions and rises in unemployment. Also the Australia banks have managed to be profitable without requiring any capital injection from the Government. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Global Financial Crisis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The noticeable collision of the financial crisis on most Australian households was the large decline in equity prices, â€Å"which reduced the wealth of Australian households by nearly 10% by March 2009. However, since the trough In equity markets In March 2009, the local market had recovered half of Its decline by the end of November 2009. † The Australian dollar also depreciated rapidly and sizeably as the crisis intensified, declining by over 30 per cent from its July 2008 peak. Around the time of the Lehman ankruptcy, conditions in the foreign exchange market were particularly illiquid, prompting the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) to Intervene In the market to enhance liquidity. Since March 2009, as fears abated, the Australian dollar largely recovered, reflecting the relative strength of the Australian economy. The credit and money markets in Australia have also proven to be more resilient than in many other countries, necessitating considerably less intervention by the RBA than occurred in many other countries. In large part this reflected the health of the Australian banking system. The Australian banks had almost no holdings of the â€Å"toxic† securities that severely affected other global banks. The health of the Australian banking system facilitated the effectiveness of the monetary and fiscal response, particularly by allowing much of the large easing in monetary policy to be passed through to interest rates on loans to households and businesses, in stark contrast to the outcome in other developed economies. How to cite Impact of Global Financial Crisis, Papers

Impact of Global Financial Crisis Free Essays

The effect of the global financial crisis on Australia has been considerably less, compared to the other affected countries. The Australian economy has revealed better outcomes than most other developed economies, which experienced recessions and rises in unemployment. Also the Australia banks have managed to be profitable without requiring any capital injection from the Government. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Global Financial Crisis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The noticeable collision of the financial crisis on most Australian households was the large decline in equity prices, â€Å"which reduced the wealth of Australian households by nearly 10% by March 2009. However, since the trough In equity markets In March 2009, the local market had recovered half of Its decline by the end of November 2009. † The Australian dollar also depreciated rapidly and sizeably as the crisis intensified, declining by over 30 per cent from its July 2008 peak. Around the time of the Lehman ankruptcy, conditions in the foreign exchange market were particularly illiquid, prompting the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) to Intervene In the market to enhance liquidity. Since March 2009, as fears abated, the Australian dollar largely recovered, reflecting the relative strength of the Australian economy. The credit and money markets in Australia have also proven to be more resilient than in many other countries, necessitating considerably less intervention by the RBA than occurred in many other countries. In large part this reflected the health of the Australian banking system. The Australian banks had almost no holdings of the â€Å"toxic† securities that severely affected other global banks. The health of the Australian banking system facilitated the effectiveness of the monetary and fiscal response, particularly by allowing much of the large easing in monetary policy to be passed through to interest rates on loans to households and businesses, in stark contrast to the outcome in other developed economies. How to cite Impact of Global Financial Crisis, Papers

William ShakespeareS Hamlet Essays - Characters In Hamlet

William Shakespeare'S Hamlet The Importance of Laertes and Fortinbras in Hamlet William Shakespeares Hamlet is a story of revenge and the way the characters in the play respond to grief and the demands of loyalty. The importance of Fortinbras and Laertes in the play is an issue much discussed, analyzed and critiqued. Fortinbras and Laertes are parallel characters to Hamlet, and they provide pivotal points on which to compare and contrast the actions and emotions of Hamlet throughout the play. They are also important in Hamlet as they are imperative to the plot of the play and the final resolution. Hamlet, Laertes, and Fortinbras are three young men who are placed in similar circumstances, that is, to avenge their father's deaths. The way that each comes to terms with his grief and how he rise to the call of vengeance is one of main contrasts between the three. Laertes is a mirror to Hamlet. Shakespeare has made them similar in many aspects to provide a greater base for comparison when avenging their respective father's deaths. Both Hamlet and Laertes love Ophelia. Hamlet wishes Ophelia to be his wife, Laertes loves Ophelia as a sister. Hamlet is a scholar at Wittenberg, and Laertes at France. Both men are admired for their swordsmenship. Both men loved and respected their fathers, and display deviousness when plotting to avenge their father's deaths. Hamlet's response to grief is a trait starkly contrasted by Laertes. Laertes response to the death of his father is immediate anger. He is publicly angry, and he leads the public riot occurring outside Castle Elsinore, which Polonius' death and quick burial served as a catalyst. He is suspicious, as is evident in his speech to Claudius. How came he dead? I'll not be juggled with. / To hell, allegiance! (4.5.130). On the other hand, Hamlet is very private and solemn with his grief. His mourning for King Hamlet is long and drawn out, two months after his father's death, he is still observed to be wearing ...suits of solemn black(1.2.78). Claudius and Gertrude comment on his unhappiness, however it is not until Hamlet's first soliloquy that the audience is made aware of the depth of his suffering. Although dismayed at his mother's quick remarriage to his uncle, Hamlet suspects foul play in his father's murder but has no prove until the ghost discloses this information to him. When brought to the call of avenging his father's death, Laertes is fast to act, he wants revenge and he wants it immediately. His actions are rash, being based in anger, and Claudius easily draws him into Denmarks corruption. Claudius manipulates Laertes into becoming an ally to kill Hamlet. Laertes is confident of his abilities to regain honor through vengeance: ...my revenge will come(1.2.78). Contrasting to Laertes' quick response, Hamlet procrastinates. Although Hamlet wants to regain honor by avenging his father's death, Hamlet is dubious of his ability to complete what he promised to the ghost. For two months he procrastinates, and he chides himself for doing so. Hamlet agonizes over what he is to do, and how he is to avenge the murder of his father. Whilst Laertes acts on impulse, and on a tryst with Claudius arising from the emotions of anger and revenge, Hamlet mulls over how he is going to act and defers action until his own procrastination disgusts him into acting. This does not mean, however that Hamlet is unable to act on impulse. Indeed in Act 5, when Laertes and Hamlet jump into Ophelia's grave it shows just how much Hamlet can act impulsively. Despite the insidious actions of Laertes in proposing the challenge of a duel with Hamlet, Laertes is without the ability to think rationally (and vindictively) on the same level as Hamlet. Hamlet not only wants to avenge his fathers death; he wants Claudius to be eternally punished. Now might I do it [pat], now a goes to heaven, And so am I [revengd]. That would be scannd: A villain kills my father, and for that I, his sole son, do this same villain send to heaven (3. 2.73-78). In this scene Hamlet refuses to kill Claudius while he is praying because he will go to heaven, and by killing

Possessive Pronouns Formation and Usage

Possessive Pronouns Formation and Usage Possessive pronouns are used to show ownership of an item or an idea. Possessive pronouns are very similar to possessive adjectives and its easy to confuse the two. Here are some examples of possessive pronouns immediately followed by possessive adjectives that are different in structure, but similar in meaning. Possessive Pronouns Examples That dog is hers.That beautiful house on the hill is theirs.The two motorcycles parked over there are his. Possessive Adjective Examples Her dog is over there.Their house on the hill is beautiful.His two motorcycles are parked over there. The easiest way to make sure you are using a possessive pronoun is to notice the placement. Possessive pronouns are always placed at the end of a sentence. They are not placed directly before the noun they modify which is the case for other possessive forms. Possessive Pronoun Usage Possessive pronouns are used to indicate possession when pointing out something to someone. Sentences using possessive pronouns generally use other modifiers to point something out and claim ownership. Examples Whose car is that? Its mine. Its mine.Wheres their house? That house is theirs. Possessive pronouns  are only used when the object of possession (what is yours, hers, ours, etc.) is understood from the context. In other words, what is possessed is usually referred to in a previous statement. The possessive pronoun is then used to clarify to whom the object belongs. Here is a list of possessive pronouns. I - mineYou - yoursHe - hisShe - hersWe - oursYou - yoursThey - theirs Is this your lunch? - No, that one over there is mine.Whose tennis rackets are those? - Theyre yours!Whose house is it? - Its his.Do you know who that belongs to? - Its hers.This isnt your house. Its oursWhose cars are these? - Theyre yours.Whose dog is that? - Its theirs. Possessive nouns are also be used in the same manner as possessive pronouns when stating that something belongs to someone in particular. Examples Whose cell phone is that? - Its Johns.Who do these computers belong to? - Theyre our parents. Possessive Pronoun Checklist Possessive pronouns are used when the object of possession is understood from the contextPlace possessive pronouns directly at end of sentencesPossessive pronouns are very similar in usage to possessive adjectivesPossessive pronouns are used when the context is clear who is in possession of an objectNote the similarity in form between possessive pronouns and adjectives Use these resources for more detailed information on other individual possessive forms: Possessive Nouns - For example, Johns house, the bicycles color, etc.Possessive Adjectives - For example, our neighborhood, his niece, etc. This general guide to possessive forms quickly compares all three types of possessive forms.

The Shakespeare Authorship Controversy

The Shakespeare Authorship Controversy Could William Shakespeare, the country bumpkin from Stratford-upon-Avon, really be the man behind the World’s greatest ever literary texts? 400 years after his death, the Shakespeare authorship controversy continues. Many scholars simply can’t believe that William Shakespeare could have had the necessary education or life experiences to have written such complex texts–he was, after all, just the son of a glove maker in a rural town! Perhaps at the heart of the Shakespeare authorship controversy is a more philosophical debate: can you be born a genius? If you subscribe to the idea that genius is acquired, then believing that this little man from Stratford could acquire the necessary understanding of the classics, law, philosophy, and dramaturgy from a brief stint at grammar school is a stretch. Shakespeare Was Not Clever Enough! Before we begin this attack on Shakespeare, we should clearly state at the outset that there is no evidence to support these claims–in fact, the Shakespeare authorship conspiracy theories are largely based on â€Å"lack of evidence†. Shakespeare was not intelligent enough: The plays contain a deep knowledge of the classics, yet Shakespeare did not have a university education. Although he would have been introduced to the classics at grammar school, there is no official record of him attending.Where are his books?: If Shakespeare did amass knowledge independently, he would have had a large collection of books. Where are they? Where did they go? They certainly were not itemized in his will. Whilst the above may be a convincing argument, it is based on lack of evidence: records of pupils at Stratford-upon-Avon Grammar School have not survived or were not kept and the inventory part of Shakespeare’s will has been lost. Enter Edward de Vere It was not until 1920 that it was suggested that Edward de Vere was the real genius behind Shakespeare’s plays and poems. This art-loving Earl carried favor in the Royal Court, and so may have needed to use a pseudonym when writing these politically charged plays. It was also deemed socially unacceptable for a noble man to be involved with the lowly world of theater. The case for de Vere is largely circumstantial, but there are many parallels to be drawn: 14 of Shakespeare’s plays are set in Italy – the country De Vere traveled in 1575.The early poems are dedicated to Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, who was considering marrying De Vere’s daughter.When De Vere stopped writing under his own name, Shakespeare’s texts soon appeared in print.Shakespeare was heavily influenced by Arthur Golding’s translation of Ovids Metamorphoses – and Golding lived with De Vere for a while. In The De Vere Code, Jonathan Bond reveals ciphers at work in the mysterious dedication that prefaces Shakespeare’s sonnets. In an interview with this website, Bond said, â€Å"I suggest that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, wrote the sonnets – and the dedication at the beginning of the sonnets was a puzzle created for the recipient of the collection of poems. The ciphers fit the pattern of wordplay that was widely in evidence amongst writers during the Elizabethan era: they are simple in construction and all of immediate significance to the recipient †¦ My contention is that Edward de Vere was simply entertaining the recipient while avoiding explicitly naming himself in order to prevent a possible embarrassment over the intensely personal nature of the poems.† Marlowe and Bacon Edward de Vere is perhaps the most well-known, but not the only candidate in the Shakespeare authorship controversy. Two of the other leading candidates are Christopher Marlowe and Francis Bacon – both have strong, dedicated followers. Christopher Marlowe: When Shakespeare started writing his plays, Marlowe was killed in a brawl in a tavern. Up until that point, Marlowe was regarded as England’s best playwright. The theory is that Marlowe was a spy for the government, and his death was choreographed for political reasons. Marlowe would then have required a pseudonym to continue writing and developing his craft.Sir Francis Bacon: Cryptic ciphers were hugely popular at this time and supporters of Bacon have found many ciphers in Shakespeare’s texts concealing the identity of Bacon as the true author of Shakespeare’s plays and poems.

Business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 4

Business law - Essay Example Mary has not committed any tort because her derogatory remarks for Lonnie were not published. Also, the given facts do not indicate that she prompted Bill to make a citizen’s arrest. She was also unaware of the company’s new policy and her accusations were based on what Bill her told her. Lonnie has not committed any tort because he acted within the rules. He had paid for the colored pencils that he took. Bill and Mary’s not knowing was not Lonnie’s fault because he was not responsible for the promulgation of the new policy. Bill may defend himself using the fact that he did not have any knowledge of the company’s new policy. However, he will also have to prove that Lonnie concealed the colored pencils, he tried to get away with them and Bill’s 20 minute detention was because he was running away. If a claim of defamation is made against Mary, she can defend herself by contending that her derogatory speech to Lonnie was not published. She can also contend that Bill acted on his own when he made a faulty citizen’s arrest of Lonnie. Lonnie cannot by charged with any tort because he has not committed any tort. He acted upon his knowledge that his employer allowed him to purchase office supplies at cost and he took the colored pencils after paying for them. Bill made a citizen’s arrest of Lonnie upon his belief that he had stolen the colored pencils. His arrest is justified but the unreasonable detention is not. He must have been able to hand over the culprit to the police right away. If Lonnie was trying to run away and keeping on fighting, only then the 20 minute detention will be justified. 2. A contract that is formed by coercion, undue influence, misrepresentation, fraud or a mistake is a voidable contract. It is voidable at the option of the aggrieved party i.e. such party has the option to declare the contract void or valid. 5. The signage notification of an

Portfolio risk management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Portfolio risk management - Assignment Example In this relation the overall comparison of the risk and return from the different investment alternatives that comprise of real estate investment and portfolio without real estate investment and correlating the same with the current weighing of investment certain result has been derived. In this relation, making the portfolio of investment through 10% investment in real estate along with 41% in SCS and 49% in LTGB is regarded to be highly efficient investment alternative or portfolio, as the relative return of such portfolio is 2.61 and risk is 4.50. Moreover, the overall analysis reveals the fact that different portfolio provides different risk and return scenario but investing the RE with relative weighting of 0.10 in RE, 0.41 in SCS and 0.49 in LTGB will provide relative lower amount of risk and higher return over the similar risk category. This is why the particular portfolio has been mentioned. Portfolio is an important concept of financial management, which refers to the combination of various investment tools including stocks, bonds, shares, mutual funds, and cash that varies based on the income, budget and period of the investor (Reilly & Brown, 2011). Additionally, the art of selection of appropriate investment approach in terms of minimal amount of risk along with maximum return is regarded as the approach of portfolio management. Moreover, the key importance of portfolio management is to derive superior investment plan for the investors. Furthermore, managing the entire budget of investor based on the different alternative will enable them to minimize the risk in comparison to investing the fund in single investment proposal and increase the likelihood of profitability. In relation to the portfolio theory, it has been assumed that investor is risk adverse and they like to select the investment proposal from the given set of investments with equal rate of return havin g minimal amount of risk. The ability to combine and form the investment based on

eight of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. :: English Literature

Compare the The Darkness Out There by Penelope Lively and chapter eight of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. In your essay explore plot, characters, setting, themes, language and structure. in The texts I have studied, going to discuss and compare are 'The Darkness Out There' by Penelope Lively and 'Great Expectations' by Charles Dickens. These texts were written in different periods of time, therefore they have differences in their outlook on life. For e.g. Great Expectations was written in the pre-20th century and includes major variations about his way of life, however The Darkness Out There was written in the 1970's and contains a younger more up to date example of text. 'The Darkness Out There' is a story of two teenage children who help out the elderly; their names are Kerry (the boy) and Sandra (the girl). These two children are about to discover during their visit how looks and stereotypical behaviour can be deceiving, towards the end of this story Sandra starts to realize how blind she has been up to now in her life and feels a possible need for a change of character. Chapter Eight of 'Great Expectations' is part of a tale of Pip's journey in life, at this point in the story he is going to meet Mrs. Havisham. She is a wealthy old woman who helps and takes on children, turning them into fine gentlemen and ladies, this visit to the old woman turns out to have a deeper incentive than it might seem. Mrs. Havisham seems to have sinister motives and strange fantasies of how she wants to define Estella. Different characters and settings make this an entrancing story. k work info In both of the texts the children visit an elderly lady, in 'The Darkness Out There' Kerry and Sandra are helpers for the local old people neighborhood service. On this day they both go to help an old Mrs. Rutter with her chores, however they do not bargain on what they are about to hear. In 'Great Expectations' Pip is going on a visit to Mrs. Havisham's manor house, unlike the other text his visit is about his future and how he will be brought up. Even though the children are going to visit the old women, the characters in the story are all afraid of different things. In 'The Darkness Out There' Sandra is afraid of the woods known as Packer's End, she is scared of it because of the secrets and stories it contains for example in the text, it says that 'She wouldn't go in there for a thousand pounds' and 'You didn't know who was around in

Marketing to Generation Y Essay

On May 12, 1999, Matt Diamond, James Johnson and Sam Gradess were visiting San Francisco for a last round of meetings with West Coast investment analysts. They were just days from the initial public offering (IPO) of shares in Alloy.com, the catalog and Internet merchant of teenoriented clothing that they had founded on Diamond’s graduation from Harvard Business School in 1996. Snarled in freeway gridlock, Diamond was on his cellphone discussing the IPO’s pricing with analysts back in New York City. An analyst urged Diamond to respond to an invitation by the world’s largest Website and portal, America Online (AOL), to make Alloy an anchor tenant on its teen shopping site. AOL wanted $2 million per year for the rights. â€Å"Matt, if you say yes, that will be big. If you announce tomorrow that AOL’s partner in the Generation Y market is Alloy, it will put Alloy on the map. It will definitely affect the IPO price.† Diamond sighed. A headline deal with AOL today could be worth perhaps 10% on the stock price. But AOL was asking rich terms. It was widely rumored that AOL preyed on startup companies in the weeks before they went public, tempting them with star billing on its portal at the very moment when the publicity was most valuable. He estimated that he’d be paying a $45 cpm (cost per thousand exposures) to anchor the AOL teen shopping site. Nobody paid more than $30 for Web eyeballs. In the three years that he had been running Alloy, Diamond had prided himself on doing deals that made sense. If he could not anticipate a profit to Alloy from a promotional deal, he reasoned that Wall Street would not anticipate a profit either. â€Å"It won’t pay out,† he told the analyst firmly. â€Å"We only do deals that produce value.† To his colleagues in the limousine, he wondered out loud, â€Å"Am I right?† Professor John Deighton and Visiting Scholar Gil McWilliams prepared this case as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. The contribution of Ann Leamon, Manager, Center for Case Development, is gratefully acknowledged. Certain sensitive information in this case has been disguised and should not be regarded as informative as to the prospects of the company. Copyright  © 2000 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, call 1-800-545-7685, write Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA 02163, or go to http://www.hbsp.harvard.edu. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of Harvard Business School. 1 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 500-048 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y The Generation Y Market Termed the â€Å"hottest demographic of the moment,† Generation Y came to the attention of marketers in the late 1990s. This â€Å"echo of the baby boom† was made up of children and teenagers born in the United States between 1975 and 1989 and therefore aged between 10 and 24. They were estimated to be a 56 million strong group of actual and potential consumers, some three times the size of their immediate predecessor, Generation X.1 The U.S. Census Bureau projected that the 10 to 24 age group would grow from 56.3 million to 63.1 million by 2010, growing faster than the general population. Although Generation Y matched its parent’s generation in size, in almost every other way it was very different. One in three was not Caucasian. One in four lived in a single-parent household. Three in four had working mothers.2 â€Å"Body glittered, tattooed, pierced, they’re a highly fragmented,  unpredictable group of teenagers who, while tottering around on five inch soles, voice conservative opinions about sexuality, government, the American dream and an end-of-century commitment to spirituality.† 3 They were computer literate: 81% of teens used the Internet, according to Chicagobased Teenage Research International (TRI), which also noted that over a 3 month period on AOL, they posted more than 2 million Leonardo Di Caprio related messages.4 According to Lester Rand, Director of the Rand Youth Poll, they had money to spend and an appetite for spending it. They have a higher incremental allowance from their parents, and with the growth in our service economy, they are able to secure jobs easily and at rising minimum wages. They’re exposed to so many different products on TV, in the mall and through their friends. It’s a generation who grew up with excess as a norm.5 In 1999 Jupiter reported that 67% of on-line teens and 37% of on-line kids said they made use of on-line shopping sites, either buying or gathering information about products. 6 Generation Y was expected to spend approximately $136 billion in 1999, before accounting for the group’s influence on purchases made by parents and other adults. (See Exhibits 1 and 2 for this and other estimates.) On-line Competition for Generation Y Spending Generation Y’s size and spending power had not gone unnoticed. Many conventional and on-line retailers courted them. Alloy viewed its most significant competitors as dELiAs and the online magalog mXg. The neighborhood mall was also a threat. 1 Neuborne, Ellen and Kathleen Kerwin. â€Å"Generation Y,† Business Week, February 15, 1999, Cover story. 2 Neuborne, Ellen and Kathleen Kerwin. â€Å"Generation Y,† Business Week, February 15, 1999, Cover story. 3 O’Leary, Noreen. â€Å"Marketing: The Boom Tube,† Adweek, Vol. 39, No. 20, May 18, 1999, pp. S44-S52. 4 Brown, Eryn. â€Å"Loving Leo Online,† Fortune, April 12, 1999, p. 152. 5 BAXExpress, July/August 1999, http:baxworld.com/baxexpress/0799/consumers.html. 6 Sacharow, Anya. â€Å"Shadow of On-line Commerce Falls on Postmodern Kids,† Jupiter Communications report, June 7, 1999. 2 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y 500-048 dELiAs Inc.7 The largest on-line and catalog merchant serving Generation Y was New York-based dELiAs, with 1998 sales of $158 million. Founded in 1995 by two 33-year-old former Yale rooommates, Stephen Kahn and Christopher Edgar, dELiAs sold through print catalogs mailed to more than 10 million recipients, of whom 6 million had bought within the past year. It managed its own order fulfillment from a warehouse complex, and operated twenty conventional retail stores. Most of dELiAs’ 1,500 employees were under 30. Its phone representatives were often high school and college students, and they frequently offered fashion advice as well as taking orders. In November 1998 dELiAs Inc. paid $4.75 million for the trademarks and mailing lists of bankrupt Fulcrum’s 5 catalogs (Zoe for teenage girls, Storybook Heirlooms, Playclothes, After the Stork, and Just for Kids), giving them 5 million names which nearly doubled their database. It also paid $2.4 million for merchandise from Zoe and Storybook. By 1999, dELiAs went to market with a complex set of brands and marketing methods: Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø The dELiAs brand marketed to teenage girls as a catalog through the mail and as dELiAs*cOm on the Web.  The gURL.com Website was an on-line magazine for girls and young women, carrying articles as well as free e-mail, free homepage hosting and publishing tools, and links to a network of third-party sites for girls and women. gURL was the only property that was not engaged in commerce. The droog brand marketed apparel to 12-to 20-year-old males through the mail and on-line. The TSI Soccer catalog sold soccer gear by mail and on-line. Storybook Heirlooms retailed apparel and accessories for girls under 13 by mail and Web catalog. Ø Dotdotdash sold apparel, footwear and accessories for girls aged 7 to 12 by mail and Web catalog. Ø Discountdomain.com was a subscription Website selling discounted close-out merchandise. Ø Contentsonline.com offered unusual home furnishings, light furniture and household articles to females aged 13-24. While predominantly a Web catalog, the property appeared intermittently as a print insert in dELiAs’ print catalog. In April 1999, dELiAs Inc. spun off its Internet properties in an IPO, selling shares in a company called iTurF which earned revenues from all of the above on-line elements. In terms of the deal, these on-line businesses could advertise in dELiAs’ print catalogs at a rate of $40 per 1,000  catalogs. The dELiAs catalog, 60 million of which were printed in 1998, had the largest domestic circulation of any publication directed at Generation Y. The on-line magazines also shared the parent company’s 354,000 square foot distribution center in Hanover, PA. Because iTurF did not take ownership of inventory until a customer’s order was placed, the risk of obsolescence and markdowns remained with the parent company. iTurF shared offices with the parent company, enjoying a submarket rent for New York metropolitan space. 7 Information drawn from company website: www.dELiAs.com 3 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 500-048 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y In May 1999, iTurF announced record quarterly sales of $2.6 million (up from $0.69 million in the first quarter of 1998). Gross profit was $1.3 million, or 49.1% of revenues, up from $0.34 million or 49.3% of revenues 1998 (see Exhibit 3). However, dELiAs reported that it expected its iTurF unit to report a loss for the fiscal year. By April 1999, the number of people who had ever bought at the iTurF Websites was 66,000 (up from 35,000 at the end of December 1998), and the number of unique visitors was 731,000 in April 1999 alone. Analysts estimated that each customer cost $26 to acquire.8 Private label merchandise accounted for 40% of iTurF’s sales, in line with dELiA’s ratio. iTurf entered into agreements with RocketCash Corp and DoughNET, companies that had been established to let parents control the on-line spending of their children. For example, RocketCash let parents establish a credit card account and set each child’s access to specific merchant sites, times of operation, and the option to set up an auto-allowance to periodically replenish the account. DoughNet was a virtual  debit card that parents could set up for their children. Parents could customize DoughNET’s site to guide teens through all aspects of managing their money. In April 1999, dELiAs’ decision to spin off iTurF seemed shrewd. The market capitalization of dELiAs Inc. was $90 million, on sales of $200 million annually. ITurF was capitalized at $200 million on a sales run rate of $12 million annually. mXg Media Inc.9 Hunter Heaney and Stuart MacFarlane graduated from the Harvard Business School in 1996. MacFarlane joined Bain & Co. and Heaney joined BancBoston Robertson Stephens. Heaney told how he got the idea for mXg while Christmas shopping at Nordstrom’s for his then girlfriend. A saleswoman had told him that the â€Å"Y† necklace featured on the â€Å"Friends† sitcom was in style. â€Å"I knew there had to be a more direct way to find out about fashion trends influenced by entertainment,† Heaney said.10 In 1997, Heaney and MacFarlane quit their jobs and moved to Manhattan Beach, CA, to be close to Hollywood and surfers and skaters. Using the pay phone while staying at a local motel they raised $250,000 in increments of $5,000, and launched mXg, styling it a â€Å"magalog,† a hybrid of catalog and magazine, aimed at teenage girls. Unlike a conventional magazine, mXg reported exactly where to go to buy the fashion items that it featured on its pages. MacFarlane recalled their early lean times: â€Å"Typically, retailers order inventory in sixes (one small, two medium, two large, one extra large). But instead of saying ‘We’ll take 2,000 sixes’ we said ‘We’ll take six’ – literally one of each.† They could fund a circulation of only 20,000 for the magazine’s launch in the fall of 1997, but it did well. Some 5% of the recipients bought from it. The numbers were good enough to induce Urban Outfitters, a retail fashion chain, to invest $5 million for 40% of the company, incorporated as mXg Media, Inc. Merchandise doubling each issue. each, refunded with B Dalton Booksellers. accounted for most of mXg Media’s revenues, but advertising revenue was The company used newsstand distribution (150,000 issues per quarter at $2.95 a purchase), as well as distribution in bookstores like Barnes & Noble, and The magazine had a pass-along rate of almost six readers per copy. Sensitive to the tastes of their target audience of female teenagers, they hired teens, paying them $7 per hour to work after school answering letters, doing interviews, and writing copy to make 8 CIBC World Markets, Equity Research, June 2, 1999. 9 Information drawn from company website: www.mXgonline.com 10 Waxler, Caroline. â€Å"Guys with moxie,† Forbes, May 31, 1999, pp. 130-131. 4 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y 500-048 it sound authentic. â€Å"No printed word goes out without a teen girl checking it †¦ being uncool is the kiss of death in this business.†11 At the start of each fashion season mXg recruited 30 â€Å"Moxie girls† to spend a hypothetical $150 each. Their virtual purchases determined which items appeared in the next issue. The magazine paid staffers to model clothes and invited would-be teen celebrities to pose free to gain recognition. A Website, mXgonline.com, was established in the summer of 1997. It comprised a magazine, chat rooms, and community sites, and sold clothes and accessories. mXg Media pursued other access points for their on-line magalog, featuring it in on-line fashion malls such as fashionwindow.com. In 1999, mXg sponsored concerts featuring acts like Gus Gus which were favored  by Generation Y. Yahoo produced a series of Webcasts of the concerts for teens. The company described its mission as cross-media publishing, targeted exclusively at teen girls. It planned to add mXgtv, an Internet video site, to its media portfolio later in the year. A Crowded Marketplace? Other companies vied for the attention of Generation Y. Bolt.com was a content-based magazine-type site skewed towards a market slightly older than that of the Generation Y market, but into which the older end of the Y market might eventually fall. Bolt.com included sections titled jobs, money, movie reviews, music, news and issues, sex and dating, and sports. It had a chat room and free e-mail, and sold branded merchandise. It boasted that 5,000 people joined it every day. The magazine Seventeen had an on-line version, offering chat rooms and message boards, as well as its regular articles, quizzes and features. Indeed many magazines were now launching online versions of their magazines, and new print publications like Twist and Jump had appeared to compete for generation Y advertising revenues. Broader on-line retailers served this market, such as bluefly.com selling discounted brands on-line. Strong competition came from mall-based stores such as The Buckle, Gadzooks, Abercrombie & Fitch, The Gap, American Eagle Outfitters, and Guess, all of whom sold merchandise on- and off-line. Apparel and sportswear manufacturers were developing on-line sales sites. Nike and Tommy Hilfiger planned to launch e-commerce sites with broad product offerings. Alloy.com As a Harvard MBA student in 1996, Matt Diamond wrote a business plan proposing the idea of marketing ‘extreme sports’ clothing by catalog to young people in Japan. The premise was that the popularity of this style of clothing among American youth might generate demand abroad, and that catalogs would be able to tap that demand faster than would store distribution. On graduation, Diamond implemented the plan. He and a friend, Jim Johnson, used seed money from friends and family to design and print a Japanese-language catalog, which they branded Durango Expedition. They  mailed it in January 1997, and at the same time they went live with Japanese and English Websites, as alternative channels. The venture flopped. The mailing generated no significant sales. However, they discovered to their surprise that they were receiving hits on the English Website from American youths. Within a month they had reconceptualized the business to serve American teen girls through catalog and online channels, under the name Alloy. Diamond and Johnson each contributed $60,000 in cash and 11 Waxler, Caroline. â€Å"Guys with moxie,† Forbes, May 31, 1999, pp. 130-131. 5 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 500-048 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y another friend, Sam Gradess added $150,000 in cash when he joined six months later from Goldman Sachs. In November 1997, the first issue of the Alloy catalog, 48 pages in length, was mailed to a purchased mailing list of 150,000 teen names. At the same time Alloy’s Website became active. The intention at that time was to reduce the number of catalogs mailed as on-line sales grew. Organization Diamond became president and CEO of the fledgling company. Johnson took the title of chief operating officer. Gradess was chief financial officer. Neil Vogel joined from Ladenburg Thalman & Co., a consumer and Internet investment banking group to be the chief corporate development officer. Fellow Harvard sectionmate, Andrew Roberts left PricewaterhouseCoopers to join Alloy in January 1999 as VP of business development. Another Harvard  MBA, Joan Rosenstock was hired as marketing director, having held positions in marketing at the National Basketball Association as well as in advertising account management. Erstwhile, music editor of teenage magazine Seventeen, Susan Kaplow, became executive editor and Karen Ngo, who had been a feature editor and fashion stylist at Seventeen, was hired as creative director. Alloy outsourced as many of its operations as it could. Working with mostly domestic vendors who could produce and ship within a 2-8 week timeframe, Alloy purchased only 50% of its featured products and relied on a quick order and re-order ability so as to control inventory levels. Telephone orders and order-processing were outsourced to Harrison Fulfillment Services, based in Chattanooga, TN. OneSoft Corp., based in Virginia, handled on-line ordering and fed its orders to Chattanooga for fulfillment. Alloy personnel concentrated on marketing and merchandising issues. Target Market Unlike dELiAs, Alloy opted for a single-brand strategy targeted at both genders. â€Å"Rather than dividing our marketing resources across multiple brands and Websites, we seek to maximize the impact of our marketing efforts by promoting a single brand. We believe this allows us to attract visitors to our Website and build customer loyalty rapidly and efficiently.†12 Indeed Diamond considered that Alloy’s key differentiator lay in being gender neutral, believing that a successful Generation Y community depended on dynamic boy-girl interaction. He thought of their community site as an MTV-like interactive distribution channel. â€Å"It’s an opportunity for girls to talk to boys, boys to talk to girls, to deliver music, to deliver fashion, to deliver lifestyle.† Diamond conceded that the majority of the visitors to its Website were girls, and the print catalog was even more skewed towards girls. However, it was the intention to attract boys to the Website by other means. There was some evidence that this strategy was working, as the percentage of female Website visitors declined from 70% in early 199913 towards a desired 60/40 ratio. Boys tended to be drawn by music, extreme sports and games, while girls appeared to be more responsive to chat and browsing. Diamond felt, however, that just as both teen boys and girls hang out in shopping malls, watching each other as well as chatting, the on-line  presence of both boys and girls was important. Alloy’s target was teens making buying decisions with parents â€Å"somewhere in the background.† The target group ranged from 12-20, but the median age was 15. Alloy was careful not to aim too young, partly for regulatory reasons, but also because they felt that by targeting 15-yearolds they reached a group at an important buying point in their lives. About 35-40% of teenage purchasing was on apparel and accessories, and Alloy monitored what else this group bought. As 12 IPO Offer Document May 1999. 13 Chervitz, Darren. â€Å"IPO First Words: Alloy Online CEO Matt Diamond.† Interview at CBS MarketWatch.com, June 14, 1999. http://cbs.marketwatch.com/archive/19990614/news/current/ipo_word.htx?source=htx/http2_mw&dist=na 6 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y 500-048 owners of a â€Å"piece of real estate† they did not see themselves as limited to selling apparel and accessories, and had moved into soft furnishings. The Offering It was standard practice among catalog retailers, such as Lands End and LL Bean, to sell products under the catalog’s brand. Even at dELiAs, private-label sales accounted for about 40% of the mix. Alloy, however, emphasized recognized teen brands such as Vans, Diesel, and O’Neill, both to attract buyers and to offer reassurance of quality. Only 20-25% of Alloy’s sales came from labels that were exclusive to Alloy, such as Stationwagon and Local 212. Diamond was philosophical about the pros and cons of private label, â€Å"There’s no denying you get better margins on own-label goods. But  running with your own labels leaves you vulnerable to ending up as a skateboard brand.† The Alloy site aimed to build what Diamond termed the 3 Cs of on-line retailing to this generation: Community, Content, and Commerce. He noted that constant communication was key to understanding this generation. They had a strong need to chat about movies, television, music and what was happening at school, and to seek advice from one another, sound off about pet hates, and occasionally shop. A small team of in-house editors created editorial content on the site, supplemented by syndicated content. The audience also contributed content, receiving in exchange a sense of community, in chat-rooms and message boards, and by submitting their own letters, poems, drawings and articles. Poems and drawings would be voted upon interactively. Chat rooms in particular were popular and frequently full (in contrast to some of the chat rooms of competitors). The chat rooms were moderated from end of school-time until midnight on a daily basis, with software employed to spot offensive or obscene language. Advice columns were a dependable magnet. (See Exhibit 7 for a sample of user-generated content.) Andrew Roberts remembered vividly the moment when he knew that Alloy was really â€Å"onto something.† In the aftermath of the Columbine High School shooting tragedy, one of the editors knew that Alloy had to respond and fast. She worked all night creating the appropriate spaces in chatrooms, and editorial content. By 8:30 a.m. the day after, 15 hours after news of the tragedy broke, Alloy had received 7,311 postings related to the events at Columbine. Roberts explained that it wasn’t so much the number that impressed him, but the content of the postings. â€Å"These kids were really anxious. We had kids who followed the goth fashion who were really scared about how others would treat them. Other kids were reassuring them and saying â€Å"Don’t worry, we know it wasn’t you or the goths who made these guys do what they did.† They just had a desperate need to talk with each other, and be reassured by each other.† Building the Brand Alloy built its brand, and with it traffic to the Alloy site, in several ways. It undertook traditional advertising in print media (Seventeen Magazine, YM, Rolling Stone, and Snowboarder). It used hot-links from sites  such as seventeen.com to advertise promotional deals. It had special copromotional deals with, for example, MGM Entertainment, Sony Music, Burton Snowboards, MCI and EarthLink/Sprint, who provided free products and services that were used as special promotions for the Alloy community (such as private movie screenings, exclusive music give-aways, and celebrity on-line chats). Finally, it bought banner advertising on gateway sites such as Yahoo Shopping, Fashionmall.com, CatalogCity.com and CatalogLink.com. 7 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 500-048 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y The Business Model There were two revenue streams: merchandise sales, and advertising and sponsorship. An agent had been retained to sell advertising on the Website, and the longer-term intention was to build an in-house sales force to sell sponsorships, banner-ads, targeted advertising (segmented by Website area, time of day, user location, or age), and combination print and Website advertising. To this end, Samantha Skey, who had been responsible for commerce, advertising and sponsorship for Disney Online and Family.com and had worked for Buena Vista Internet group, was hired in 1999 as VP of ecommerce and sponsorships. In 1999, about 10% of revenues were generated by sponsorship and advertising deals, and the proportion was expected to rise to 20% in year 2000. Alloy was aware that it would never meet all of its customers’ requirements. It was happy to offer links to other sites that could be seen as competitive, such as Gap’s on-line site. â€Å"Look, we figure they’re going to go there anyway,† noted Roberts. â€Å"If they go via us, we at least get something for it. We’re happy to have such complementary deals. Probably not with dELiAs, though,† he grinned. Exhibits 4 and 5 report annual fiscal year performance 1996-1998, and quarterly performance between last quarter 1997 and first quarter 1999. To hear Diamond describe it, running Alloy was, at least day-to-day, like running a production plant. â€Å"We know what it costs to get a customer, and we know what a customer will spend. We just have to keep the two numbers in balance. We could make a profit today, but in this investment climate there’s no reward for beating your loss numbers.† By April 1999, Alloy had a database of 2.6 million names and addresses, comprising 1.7 million previous buyers and 900,000 visitors to the Website who had registered their names and addresses. It was mailing monthly to the most responsive of the names on this list, supplemented by purchases of new names, and it hoped to mail 20 million catalogs over the course of 1999. Alloy’s catalogs cost $450 per thousand to design, print and mail. If Alloy mailed catalogs to names from the database who had bought from it before, it received an order from about 3% of the names each time it mailed. If Alloy bought a list of new names, for example a list of American girls who owned personal computers, at a cost that was typically $100 per thousand names, the response rate on the new names14 was about 1.5%. Alloy would often exchange some of the names of its customers for the names of customers of similar firms, if it could count on a response rate on the swapped names of close to its own 3%. By blending names from these three sources, Alloy could choose whether a particular mailing would yield a high rate of orders or expand its customer base. Over the year, Alloy’s mailings comprised 10% swapped names, 70% past customers and 20% new names. Diamond found that some people in the private investment community were not well informed on the ease with which response rates could be manipulated. â€Å"Analysts ask me, why is your response rate down last month? I say ‘you want a 10% response rate, I’ll give you one. I’ll just mail to my very best customers.† Most orders were received by telephone, and orders from all lists ranged from $65 per customer in spring to $85 in winter. The gross margin on an order was about 50%. Alloy paid its fulfillment company $6.00 to handle each telephone order. Customers paid the shipping charges. Traffic to the Website, as measured by Media Metrix in the quarter ending March 1999, comprised 263,000 unique visitors15 per month. While about half of the  visitors eventually registered 14 List brokers typically sold names on a ‘deduplicated’ basis, meaning that the buyer had the right to delete and not pay for any names that it already owned. 15 Many of the visitors to a site came more than once a month. Media Metrix used the term â€Å"unique visitors† to emphasize that they were counting visitors, not visits. 8 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y 500-048 themselves with the site by entering a name, address and e-mail information, the proportion of unique visitors in a month who registered in that month was about 8%. In addition to catalogs and Web visits, Alloy interacted with Generation Y by means of a weekly broadcast e-mail, Alloy E-Zine, sent to 850,000 site visitors who had asked to receive it. When a visitor to the Alloy Website registered, the name was added to the print catalog mailing list. Names gathered in this way, although they had not previously bought from Alloy, tended to respond to the catalog at a rate close to the past-buyer rate of 3%. Calculating the cost of attracting someone to become a registered visitor was difficult, because Web traffic resulted from many actions: banner advertising, listings on search engines, and Alloy’s print advertising in media like Seventeen Magazine. The catalog was a significant driver of traffic to the Web. On the day that the catalog reached its audience, traffic to the site would jump 40%. It would continue to rise to about 180% of pre-mailing levels for a week, and slowly fall back. Possessing a copy of the latest Alloy catalog conferred significant prestige in a junior high school lunchroom. And then there was wordof-mouth. Many visitors to the Website, and many who decided to register, came at no cost to Alloy because a friend had mentioned the site, had e-mailed a chat room story, or had asked for an opinion on an item of clothing shown on the site. Less than 5% of Alloy’s revenues came from orders placed on the Website. When an order was submitted on-line instead of by phone, Alloy paid its fulfillment company $3.00 instead of $6.00 to reflect the saving of telephone handling charges. Alloy’s e-mailed catalog, termed Alloy E-Zine, was another small element of the business. Because Alloy had no way of knowing whether a recipient’s e-mail system was able to view graphic displays or color, it used only text in the E-Zine. Only 25% of those who indicated willingness to receive it ever opened it, and of those 1% placed an order in the course of a year. These orders were fulfilled at $3.00 each if they were placed by return email. Sponsorships and banner advertising were a small but rapidly growing source of revenue. As Alloy’s base of registered visitors and catalog recipients grew, both became assets that interested advertisers. The AOL Deal Diamond reflected on the AOL deal. It was not a question of finding $2 million. If the IPO went ahead at the planned price of $15, it would generate $55.5 million and Alloy would be awash in cash. Diamond tried not to be annoyed at the idea that AOL would offer this deal on the eve of his IPO. â€Å"I’ve been talking to AOL for a year about opening a teen shopping area, showing them what a big revenue opportunity it could be. Now suddenly they get it, and they think it’s worth $2 million.† He thought to himself, â€Å"What else can I do with $2 million? That’s over 4 million catalogs, which means more sales, more site visits, more registrations, and more E-Zine registrations. Alternatively, it could buy us exposure on television, and that would build a stronger brand.† Alloy’s budget for 1999 included a line item of $2.5 million for production of two television spots and $2.5 million for air time. Yet AOL was Alloy’s most important source of traffic to the Website. More than a third of visitors to the Alloy site used AOL as their Internet service provider. Would a competitor on the AOL site be able to intercept them? Would the announcement of a competitor’s deal with AOL on the eve of the IPO be as bad for Alloy’s share price as an Alloy deal would be good? The cellphone rang again. It was his partner, Neil Vogel. â€Å"Matt, Wall Street would like it if you would do that deal. They don’t want iTurF to pick it up. This is valuable real estate on a really important teen property.† 9 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 500-048 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y Exhibit 1 Total Teen Spending in 1996 $ billions % Apparel 36.7 34 Entertainment 23.4 22 Food 16.7 15 Personal Care 9.2 9 Sporting Goods 6.7 6 Other 15.3 14 Total 108.0 100 Source: Packaged Facts via InterRep Research, in MSDW Equity Research: †Fashions of the Third Millennium,† June 1999. Exhibit 2 Estimates of Teen Spending Rand Youth (Adweek May 18, 1998) 1996 1997 Morgan Stanley Dean Witter’s report â€Å"Fashions of the Third Millennium,† June 1999 $108 billion $91.5 billion 1998 1999 Teen Research Unlimited (quoted in Alloy press handout) $141 billion $136 billion 10 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y 500-048 Exhibit 3 Consolidated iTurf Income (in $ thousands) st st Net revenues 1 quarter ending 1 May 1999 2615 Cost of goods 1332 35 Gross profit 1283 34 Selling, general and admin. 1753 109 Interest income (expense) (112) 11 Loss before tax (358) (86) Income tax (benefit) (161) (33) Net loss (197) (53) Apr 99 = 731,000 Feb 99 = 635,000 50 million 4 million No. of unique visitors No. of page views in April Size of mailing database 1 quarter ending 30 April 1998 69 11 million names Source: IPO Filing Exhibit 4 Alloy Online Annual Fiscal Performance Fiscal year 1996 1997 1998 (thousands) Net merchandise revenues $25 $1,800 $10,100 Of which on-line order placement accounted for: – $40 $710 Sponsorship and other revenue – Gross profit % Selling & Marketing expenses Web pages views (Month of March) $125 32.5% 41.7% 46.3% $98 $2,000 $9,200 1,500 25,000 Weekly e-zine registrations 480 Source: Company records 11 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 500-048 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y Exhibit 5 Alloy Online Quarterly Performance 1997 1998 1998 1998 1998 1999 1999 31 Oct Jan 31 Apr 30 Jul 31 Oct 31 Jan 31 Apr 30 ($’000) Net merchandise revenues 401 1396 1353 2082 3215 3436 2391 Sponsorship, etc. – – 1 5 46 73 163 Total revenues 401 1396 1354 2087 3261 3509 2544 COGS 263 783 906 1200 1665 1715 1249 Gross profit 138 613 448 887 1596 1794 1305 34% 44% 33 42.5% 49% 51% 51% 903 1437 1782 2992 3396 2679 3529 (749) (806) (1312) (2165) (1901) (985) (2302) 400,000 800,000 Gross profit % of revenue Operating expenses Net loss Number of registered users Source: Company records 12 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y 500-048 Exhibit 6 Circulation of Leading Teen Magazines Publication Publisher Circulation as of 1998/99 Seventeen (monthly) Primedia Consumer Magazine Group 2,400,000 Teen (monthly) EMAP 2,400,000 YM (10 x year) Gruner & Jahr 2,200,000 Teen People (monthly) Time Inc. 1,300,000 Jump (10 x year) Weider Publications 350,000 Twist (monthly) Bauer Publishing 265,650 Girl Lewitt & LaWinter/Freedom 250,000 Source: Various 13 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003 500-048 Alloy.com: Marketing to Generation Y Exhibit 7 Examples of consumer-generated content on Alloy Website Source: Alloy Website 14 Downloaded by Junfei Xu on 9/02/2013. New York University, Stephen Tamke, Fall 2013, 001-003

Application Essay for Dietetics Internship Program

The most significant experience I have had in my life was coming to the United States without speaking much English, going to school, and earning the Bachelor’s degree. Living in a foreign country and going to school was very challenging, especially when I was a self-supporting student working and attending classes at the same time. I achieved it by my motivation, discipline, and flexibility, as well as the emotional supports from family and friends. Throughout the experience of living in the U.S., I have learned important aspect of life, extended understanding and respect toward other cultures, and matured greatly as a person, which I could never be accomplished if I stayed in Japan. I also met great friends and mentor whom†¦show more content†¦My job responsibilities at the office include determining eligibility of clients, assessing nutritional health risks, and presenting nutrition education activities and materials to the clients. Although initial nutrition education for high-risk clients is usually the responsibility of an RD, I am currently very involved in health education for a diversity of clients who need to be educated and served. I also support and am actively involved as a volunteer in various healthcare events to promote health and wellness for people in the local community. My short-term goals are to enhance my knowledge of medical nutrition therapy, to gain experience in all aspects of the dietetic field especially in clinical nutrition setting, and to become an RD and Certified Diabetes Educator. My long-term career goals are to pursue a Master’s degree in Public Health, to engage and serve in community nutrition, and to promote wellness and preventive health care for socio-economically and culturally fragile populations. Eventually, I am interested in going into private practice to provide proper individualized education and science-base information after I have obtained sufficient outpatient experience. Nowadays, the U.S. population is becoming increasingly diverse in ethnicities and cultural backgrounds more rapidly than ever before. Therefore, I believe that providing patient-centeredShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi