Pediatric Generalized Anxiety Disorder - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 960 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/10 Category Psychology Essay Tags: Anxiety Essay Did you like this example? Both children and adolescents occasionally experience the anxiety that accompanies stressful events. Alarmingly, it isnt uncommon that many children and teens in the US are diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders and co-occurring disorders like depression and separation anxiety disorder (SAD) have a dramatic effect on a childs quality of life. Generalized anxiety disorder is one of the most common types of anxiety disorders, and unfortunately, it affects a large portion of the pediatric population. Children with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are described as having uncontrollable feelings of fear that are overwhelming and excessive in nature. These children persistently worry about before, during, and after a daily activity has happened. Generalized anxiety disorder is estimated to affect 15% of children in the US with an age of onset of 8.5 years. The exact cause of pediatric GAD is unclear and disputed among many professionals; however, its widely believed that there are both biological and environmental etiologies. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Pediatric Generalized Anxiety Disorder" essay for you Create order For example, parents with pre-existing anxiety may transfer the same affliction to their children genetically. Alternatively, children who are being raised by overprotective parents attempting to reduce anxious behaviors are at-risk of manifesting GAD. Children and adolescents will report private events like physical pains that include: heart palpitations, muscle tension, stomach aches, and headaches. Some notable overt behavioral manifestations include insomnia, latching onto family members, and a severe lack of attention. Covert behaviors are marked by feelings of nervousness, fatigue, stress, and restlessness. Involuntary actions such as sweating, hyperventilation, increased heart rate, and trembling are commonly observed symptoms. Surprisingly, children with isolated GAD do not typically produce anxious behaviors when conversing, and they can maintain normal conversation with their peers. There are skills that are slightly impacted, but these issues are not significantly problematic when it comes to a childs communication repertoire. Children with GAD have problems with assertiveness, give minimal eye contact with partners, interject with fewer comments, and ask fewer questions during conversation. In addition, children with GAD have smaller groups of friends, yet they are still preferred over children with other anxiety disorders, especially those with social phobia (SP). Although GAD does not have a profound effect on communication by itself, social skills are greatly impaired when other disorders are present. For example, in children with ASD and comorbid GAD: the social use of language is weakened; thus, maintaining conversation is difficult. Retrieval of verbal cues is also disrupted because of increased anxiety which ultimately leads to communication breakdown. As for the behavioral dimension of GAD, we unfortunately see more problem behaviors associated with this disorder. Parents often report their children avoiding their responsibilities by complaining too much. Clinicians will find that these patients will worry excessively about themselves and their family members, and sometimes think a natural disaster will threaten their safety. A prominent avoidance behavior involves avoiding going to school because they worry about their performance in school and other extracurricular activities; these kids strive for perfection which results in low self-esteem. Despite having relatively small social difficulties, children and teens with GAD can have strained relationships with family and friends because they unrealistically seek constant reassurance from them. Finally, they may exhibit an aggressive temper or act downtrodden when they receive critique that appears to be harsh from teachers or parents. Treatment interventions for GAD can vary depending on a childs personality, their level of development, and familial background. Positive reinforcement would be the most effective therapy option for clinicians treating pediatric GAD. Depression, social anxiety disorder/social phobia (SP), and separation anxiety disorder (SAD) are common comorbid disorders which can have a detrimental effect on a childs self-esteem and self-image. Negative reinforcement could potentially have a negative effect on a childs well-being and may trigger an anxiety attack. This is especially true if the stimulus is something especially unpleasant like a buzzer or a siren, which may lead the child to believe they are in imminent danger. Clinicians should consider using positive reinforcers like candles (olfactory), music (auditory), and coloring books (tangible) that will allow the child to alleviate stress and provide a relaxing atmosphere while they work on their goal for the day. An intermittent reinforce ment schedule would be the most effective reinforcement schedule for children with GAD since these children are usually beyond the phase of acquisition; therefore, no continuous reinforcement schedule is necessary. A ratio schedule of reinforcement is the most suitable since it will lend no element of surprise to the child. The child knows theyll be reinforced after they accurately perform the correct number of responses; nevertheless, its best to start with a fixed schedule and then fade into a variable one. Starting with a variable schedule when first treating a child could increase a childs paranoia; thus, rendering therapy obsolete. A task analysis is another potential intervention for children with GAD. Anxiety is marked by increased stress, and these patients will need to learn how to cope with exasperating situations. Clinicians can perform an empirical task analysis by modeling activities like meditating, yoga, and exercise. A rational task analysis which involves asking a therapist is another option for treating GAD. Therapists may recommend combining cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with medication most notably, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Pediatric generalized anxiety disorder affects many teens and children in the United States, and it unfortunately goes under-recognized because many clinicians assume that worrying is a normative part of childhood development. Although, communication is not severely impaired, behavioral symptoms are significantly profound and recognizable. It is important that we lend our attentions to these children as this disorder can worsen over time. Offering the child or teen a relaxing atmosphere and combining different strategies can help with treatment. A cohesive collaboration between a team of professionals can drastically help and make way for successful outcomes.

What Makes A Monster Essay - 1461 Words

What defines a monster? Is it their grotesque, unnatural appearance that separates them from the rest of mankind, or is it their lack of remorse and compassion that makes them different? The word monster conjures up figures from gothic horror of exotic peoples with horrifyingly exaggerated features, and the kinds of impossible delusive beasts inhabiting the pages of medieval bestiaries. Well at first I thought exactly that. When I used to hear the word â€Å"monster†, my mind immediately pictured the petrifying beast that took residence under my bed for a substantial portion of my childhood. It had demonic beating red eyes, razor sharp teeth that glistened with fresh blood and amphibian like scales covering every inch of its enormous body. However, as I got older, I started to realize that there was no such thing as monsters and that it was all just a figment of my imagination. Accordingly, the fear of the monster under my bed slowly dissipated. Nevertheless, it wasn’t until after reading a quote by my favorite author, Steven King, that I was finally able to fully comprehend what the true definition of the word â€Å"monster† really was. â€Å"Monsters are real, ghosts are real too. They live inside us, and sometimes they win†. It had taken me awhile to truly grasp what King had meant, but then it clicked. Everyone has a monster inside them, dormant or not. That monster is the voice we hear in the back of our heads, urging us to cheat or to steal, and in some instances, worse. That monsterShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes a Monster Essay620 Words   |  3 PagesWhat Makes a Monster? Monsters are often thought of as green, abnormally large and scary. They are believed to hide in dark shadows and forgotten street corners. Monsters have a bad reputation and the very nature of the term monster is not smiled upon. I believe these thoughts are generic and relics of a much safer past. In our morally bankrupt society monsters exist in the realist scariest form. As we step into adulthood and take our heads out of the comic books that shows us the danger of theRead MoreA Monster Can Be Hard To Define. Describing A Monster Can1332 Words   |  6 PagesA monster can be hard to define. Describing a monster can be easier than defining one. The term ’monster’ is broad and vague and as a result, it is easier to describe a monster rather than to define one. Tina Boyer says: â€Å"A monster is a cultural construct. By definition, it is a thing that shows or reflects cultural fears and forbidden obsessions, social and moral problems that express themselves in the b ody and behavior of the monstrous creature (Boyer 240).† What makes a monster scary differsRead MoreThe Most Monstrous Being In Mary Shelleys Novel, Frankenstein1465 Words   |  6 Pagesword dabbled to describe the way Frankenstein looks for body parts in graves. These could have been from people who had families or other loved ones, but Frankenstein treats them as pieces of meat, materials for his experiment, and this makes the reader disgusted at Frankenstein. This is the first sign that Frankenstein is immoral. Despite this, might be forgiven as his judgement is affected by his desire to create rather than destroy life. Although this could shock a modernRead More Frankenstein Version by Kenneth Branagh Essay780 Words   |  4 PagesKenneth Branagh In 1931 Hollywood made a simplified version of Frankenstein and stereotyped the monster to be evil with bolts in his neck and a big, green square head. In the 1960s an English company called Hammer Horror revitalised Frankenstein movies and Christopher Lee made the monster look more like a man. All of the Frankenstein movies before Kenneth Branaghs version had made the monster evil. In Kenneth Branaghs version of the story he filmed the entire book and tried to stick closelyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book St. Lucy s Home For Girls Raised By Wolves1215 Words   |  5 PagesKanye West said it best, â€Å"Everybody knows I’m a M*f**ing monster† and honestly, as humans we are. In Seven Monster Theses, Jeffery Cohen develops an idea that â€Å"monsters† are essential to society. In fact, they construct what is â€Å"normal†, â€Å"rational†, and â€Å"civilized†. Specifically, â€Å"monsters† are foundational to how we view ourselves. â€Å"Monsters† contain all the traits deemed unacceptable and odd. It can be concluded that every outlier is a â€Å"monster†. In St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves, KarenRead MoreAlexandra Giambruno. Mrs.Schroder. English Iv Honors. 231030 Words   |  5 Pagesto create what the story is. The story of Frankenstein has mysterious aspects that help the main character Victor create the monster. In a gothic novel, there are a ton of abstract thoughts that can be in play pertaining to the type of story that the author creates. Power and Constraint is one point that plays a lot in the novel itself, it all started with the main creator. Victor Frankenstein had the idea to create a monster; he collected body parts and used modern technologies to make an unnaturalRead MoreEssay about Sympathy in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein986 Words   |  4 PagesShelleys Frankenstein Frankenstein for many people is a huge fiendish monster, a brainless oaf with a couple of neck bolts, who is a horrible murderer. This image has been created by Boris Karloff and other television/film images. I also thought like that, believing Frankenstein to be a monstrous murderer, so when I was met with the text I was surprised to find as a mad scientist who creates a monster. This changed my opinion greatly at first. As the central charactersRead MoreMonster Culture By Jeffery Cohen1202 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"Monster Culture†, Jeffery Cohen develops an idea that â€Å"monsters† are essential to society. In fact, they construct what is â€Å"normal†, â€Å"rational†, and â€Å"civilized†. Specifically, â€Å"monsters† are foundational to how we view ourselves. â€Å"Monsters† contain all the traits deemed unacceptable and odd. It can be concluded that every outlier is a â€Å"monster†. In St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves, Karen Russell tells the story of a pack of wolf girls who are transitioning into young ladies. RussellRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book A Good Story 1361 Words   |  6 Pagescharacter will always keep a reader following along. In this particular instance its the monsters that makes the play. When it comes to the topic of monsters, most of us will readily agree that they are bad. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of what makes a monster. Although some are convinced that a monster is defined by being ugly, disfigured and unlikable, others maintain that a monster can be an everyday person who is lacking specific moral attributes. According to theRead MoreUnderstanding Mythological Monsters Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesMonsters are towering, fierce beings best known for causing nightmares and battling heroes. Tales are told of their devastating power, but also of their agonizing defeats. Monsters are symbols of the inherent evil of human nature and of the dark truths of the natural world. Monsters are also challenges, tasks a hero must complete. Sometimes monsters are the ultimate measure of a hero’s worth, other times just another step in a hero’s journey. In the book Bulfinch’s Mythology, Thomas Bulfinch writes

Impact of Global Financial Crisis Free Essays

The effect of the global financial crisis on Australia has been considerably less, compared to the other affected countries. The Australian economy has revealed better outcomes than most other developed economies, which experienced recessions and rises in unemployment. Also the Australia banks have managed to be profitable without requiring any capital injection from the Government. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Global Financial Crisis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The noticeable collision of the financial crisis on most Australian households was the large decline in equity prices, â€Å"which reduced the wealth of Australian households by nearly 10% by March 2009. However, since the trough In equity markets In March 2009, the local market had recovered half of Its decline by the end of November 2009. † The Australian dollar also depreciated rapidly and sizeably as the crisis intensified, declining by over 30 per cent from its July 2008 peak. Around the time of the Lehman ankruptcy, conditions in the foreign exchange market were particularly illiquid, prompting the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) to Intervene In the market to enhance liquidity. Since March 2009, as fears abated, the Australian dollar largely recovered, reflecting the relative strength of the Australian economy. The credit and money markets in Australia have also proven to be more resilient than in many other countries, necessitating considerably less intervention by the RBA than occurred in many other countries. In large part this reflected the health of the Australian banking system. The Australian banks had almost no holdings of the â€Å"toxic† securities that severely affected other global banks. The health of the Australian banking system facilitated the effectiveness of the monetary and fiscal response, particularly by allowing much of the large easing in monetary policy to be passed through to interest rates on loans to households and businesses, in stark contrast to the outcome in other developed economies. How to cite Impact of Global Financial Crisis, Papers

Impact of Global Financial Crisis Free Essays

The effect of the global financial crisis on Australia has been considerably less, compared to the other affected countries. The Australian economy has revealed better outcomes than most other developed economies, which experienced recessions and rises in unemployment. Also the Australia banks have managed to be profitable without requiring any capital injection from the Government. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Global Financial Crisis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The noticeable collision of the financial crisis on most Australian households was the large decline in equity prices, â€Å"which reduced the wealth of Australian households by nearly 10% by March 2009. However, since the trough In equity markets In March 2009, the local market had recovered half of Its decline by the end of November 2009. † The Australian dollar also depreciated rapidly and sizeably as the crisis intensified, declining by over 30 per cent from its July 2008 peak. Around the time of the Lehman ankruptcy, conditions in the foreign exchange market were particularly illiquid, prompting the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) to Intervene In the market to enhance liquidity. Since March 2009, as fears abated, the Australian dollar largely recovered, reflecting the relative strength of the Australian economy. The credit and money markets in Australia have also proven to be more resilient than in many other countries, necessitating considerably less intervention by the RBA than occurred in many other countries. In large part this reflected the health of the Australian banking system. The Australian banks had almost no holdings of the â€Å"toxic† securities that severely affected other global banks. The health of the Australian banking system facilitated the effectiveness of the monetary and fiscal response, particularly by allowing much of the large easing in monetary policy to be passed through to interest rates on loans to households and businesses, in stark contrast to the outcome in other developed economies. How to cite Impact of Global Financial Crisis, Papers